Ecological and phenological study on ferulago angulata in the. Temperature and rainfall, in combination with topography and soils, determine moisture availability. Combining the three datasets morphology, trnlf and. The website also provides access to a database and images of herbarium specimens found at the university of south florida and other herbaria. Ciliaris muscle, muscle of the ciliary body of the eye, between the sclera white of the eye and the fine ligaments that suspend the lens. It is also known by its basionym cenchrus ciliaris. In the present study we determined chromosome number and nuclear dna content 2c dna for 28 natural populations collected from northern to. Cenchrus ciliaris pennisetum ciliare, commonly known as buffel grass, is a perennial bunchgrass that forms thick mats. Belonging to the genus cenchrus with 1622 species, cenchrus ciliaris l. The abundance of the exotic perennial cenchrus ciliaris buffel grass. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. It is often used as a pasture grass in texas and northern mexico and has invaded several countries including hawaii.
The record derives from wcsp data supplied on 20120323 which reports it as an accepted name record 403893 with original publication details. Phylogenetic studies favour the unification of pennisetum, cenchrus. Forage supply from herbs was assessed in a thinned caatinga enriched with buffel grass. Australian rangelands and climate change cenchrus ciliaris buffel grass 5 anthropogenic climate change will lead to ecosystem changes in worldwide arid and semiarid rangelands by the influence changed climate has on invasive plants. Buffel grass has been widely introduced in the dry tropics and subtropics as a pasture grass, for erosion control and revegetation of. Buffel grass cenchrus ciliaris is of most concern on sandy soils and is often also weedy on alluvial flats and riverine sites. From the cholistan desert, pakistan 1475 the total nitrogen content of the samples was determined by the microkjeldahl method. The atlas of florida plants provides a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state and taxonomic information. Cenchrus ciliaris buffelgrass or african foxtail grass. Segmental allotetraploidy and allelic interactions in buffelgrass pennisetum ciliare l. Otherwise highly diverse communities, grasslands and shrublands, have been overtaken by a monoculture of this fire tolerant. Cenchrus ciliaris definition of cenchrus ciliaris by the.
Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Impacts and management of cenchrus ciliaris buffel grass as an invasive species in northern queensland thesis submitted by janice jackson b. The introductory weed management manual also available from this website may assist in developing a plan. It has a deep, tough rootstock that may go as deep as 2 m. It is composed of both longitudinal and circular fibres and serves to change the shape of the lens, enabling the eye to focus upon near or distant. Pdf ecological impacts of buffel grass cenchrus ciliaris l. Link is a species of grass native to most of africa, southern asia east to india, southern iran, and the extreme south of europe. In very lush pasture can cause acute oxalate poisoning in sheep, but only if they are. Pdf cytogeography of cenchrus ciliaris poaceae in tunisia. Pennisetum gramineae in malesia with some general nomenclatural notes september 2014 blumea journal of plant taxonomy and plant geography 591.
It commonly escapes from plantings, especially into disturbed habitats, where it promotes a grassfire cycle. Its species are native to many countries in asia, africa, australia, the americas, and various oceanic islands common names include buffelgrasses, sandburs, and sand spur. Buffel grass is a highly variable, tufted tussockforming perennial grass ecoport, 2010. Q in may 2004 for the degree of doctor of philosophy in tropical plant sciences school of. Cenchrus comes from a greek word kenchros means a kind of millet synonyms. Cenchrus ciliaris has been introduced into many tropical and subtropical areas, where it can be found from sea level to 2000 m. Anticancer effect of cenchrus ciliaris l sciencedirect. Finely ground material 1 g was put in a digestion flask with 3 g of digestion mixture mercury sulfate hgso 4 and potassium sulphate k 2so 4 at a ratio of 1. However, in certain situations, particularly in arid to semiarid environments, buffel grass has the ability to rapidly invade the surrounding environment. The bristles of the involucre in cenchrus are connate, while those in pennisetum are distinct. Buffel grass cenchrus ciliaris can dominate the understorey in arid regions. Segmental allotetraploidy and allelic interactions in. It forms extensive dense monocultures excluding native species.
Pdf popular pastoral species, buffel grass cenchrus ciliaris is receiving long overdue. Cytogeography of cenchrus ciliaris poaceae in tunisia. In riparian areas in can replace native vegetation along riverbanks and damage habitats that are vital to the survival of many plant and animal species. The genus cenchrus has 22 species, tropical and warm temperate. Cenchrus ciliaris invasion and control in southwestern u. Propagule pressure, not fire or cattle grazing, promotes invasion of.
The results can also be downloaded as a csv file unicode utf8 encoding see status, confidence level, source for definitions. Cenchrus ciliaris has become naturalised and often an invasive species in australia, the southwestern united states, hawaii, mexico, central america, south america, and macaronesia. Buffel grass cenchrus ciliaris as an invader and threat. Cenchrus ciliaris and pennisetum squamulatum dujardin. It was introduced in the 1930s into arizona, united states, to provide grazing. Cenchrus ciliaris buffelgrass this plant and synonym italicized and indented above can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below. Germination international seed testing association. Nutrient intake of range sheep on a buffelgrass cenchrus ciliaris pasture author links open overlay panel r. This is a very important pasture grass in many parts of the tropical world, mainly because of its ease and low cost of establishment, comparatively high value and yield, extreme drought. This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above. Browse pictures and read growth cultivation information about cenchrus species, buffel grass cenchrus ciliaris supplied by member gardeners in the plantfiles database at daves garden. Cenchrus ciliaris is native to africa, arabia, canary islands, malagasy, indonesia, northern india, and pakistan.
Nutrient intake of range sheep on a buffelgrass cenchrus. Cenchrus ciliaris l total alcohol and successive extracts of both aerial and root parts were tested for their anticancer activities against lung a549, intestinal caco, colon hct116, cervical hela, hepatocellular hepg2, and breast mcf7 pc3 cell lines and compared with the standard drug vinblastine sulphate. The species epithet ciliaris is latin and means like an eyelash, or short hairs, possibly alluding to the hairy bristles surrounding the spikelets. This document was originally published on the website of. Cenchrus ciliaris is a species of grass native to most of africa, southern asia east to india. Poaceae gramineae according to the rules of icbn the names of the families should end in aceae. Cenchrus is derived from the greek word kegchros which means a kind of millet. Click on each image to see a larger version and details of the record view all images 6 photo. The lowlands of the east and southeast contrast with the rest of the country by having a bimodal rainfall distribution, and have marginal rainfall for crop production. Plant details information about cenchrus ciliaris plant.
Buffel grass cenchrus ciliaris is an introduced, perennial pasture grass that is found across much of the australian continent, including arid and semi. Buffel grass cenchrus ciliaris the australian association of bush. The obtained results exhibited direct cytotoxic effect with variable. For example, in the western usa rangelands invasive grasses are currently transforming native ecosystems. Cenchrus ciliaris has the least connate involucral bristles in the genus and thus has been alternately placed in both genera wagner et al. Plants profile for cenchrus spinifex coastal sandbur. Petra ballings along road from shashe wilderness camp to national parks compound, tuli. Pronunciation of cenchrus ciliaris with 1 audio pronunciation, 1 synonym and more for cenchrus ciliaris. Such names allude to the sharp, spinecovered burrs characterizing the inflorescences of the members of the genus some botanists include the genus within the. Link, buffelgrass is a perennial, common in warmer regions of both hemispheres, growing as a c4 grass in a wide range of habitats. Cenchrus ciliaris is a grass native to southern asia and much of africa. Cenchrus ciliaris synonyms, cenchrus ciliaris antonyms.
Larger adults plants split at the nodes as they grow developing a messy unorganized. Ingestion of this grass plant by horses can cause osteodystrophia fibrosa because most of the calcium in the grass is in the form of oxalate crystals and unavailable for absorption. Link, buffelgrass is a perennial, common in warmer regions of both hemispheres, growing as. Aposporous apomixis in pennisetum squamulatum and cenchrus ciliaris buffelgrass, syn. A few examples of species we test which are not currently in the ista rules for seed testing aristida species spear grass poaceae astrebla species mitchell grass poaceae cochlospermum fraseri native kapok tree bixaceae chrysopogon fallax golden beard grass poaceae erythrophleum chlorostachys cooktown ironwood fabaceae gyrocarpus americana helicopter tree. The most drought tolerant of the commonly sown grasses, cenchrus ciliaris. Starr0201160036cenchrus ciliarisbunkers green waste graffiti and trashkanaha beach phase two westmaui 24250265740. Pdf buffel grass cenchrus ciliaris as an invader and threat to. Buffelgrass cenchrus ciliaris is a perennial shrublike grass from the family poaceae. Cenchrus is a widespread genus of plants in the grass family. The interception of buffel grass represented by a convex polygon joining the extremities. Cenchrus ciliaris is an invasive, perennial pasture grass and is native to africa, the middle east and southern asia dixon 1999. Weed control in lawns cein4 plants that contanimate wool and mohair in texas.
1415 1603 295 557 1639 1494 241 1533 494 1087 982 1157 1439 741 1346 1441 708 1358 305 795 74 1094 1516 1618 576 180 1554 397 247 1078 17 987 660 1334 787 503 1429 279 285 1179 568 1406