Insights from experimental study into deep rock engineering applications. Experimental studies on the brittle fracture stress. However, these experiments are destructive, time consuming and require a significant amount of resources. Wong, experimental rock deformationthe brittle field, springerverlag, berlin, germany, 2005. Laboratory sharing to improve rock deformation research. The rock type used in this studywesterly granite usawas selected due to its prominance in the rock deformation literature, a consequence of its simple composition 30% quartz, 30%. Deeper in the crust, at higher pressure and temperature, rock deformation. The deformation behaviour of two different types of rocks was compared.
This monograph deals with the part of the field of experimental rock deformation that is dominated by the phenomena of brittle fracture on one scale or another. Experimental rock deformation the brittle field pdf brittleness. Triaxial compression tests were conducted on berea sandstone, indiana limestone, westerly granite and tuff specimens. Rate and straindependent brittle deformation of rocks. Paterson, experimental rock deformation the brittle field, springerverlag, berlin, 1978. Permeability evolution and rock brittle failure qiang sun 1 lei xue 0. Pore fluid effects physical o surface effects in partially saturated soils. Dilatancy, brittle strength, and anisotropy of foliated rocks. Paterson and tengfong wong, experimental rock deformation the brittle field, 2005. Permeability evolution and rock brittle failure pdf paperity. Experimental rock deformation the brittle field 2, paterson.
The study of acoustic emissions aes is of paramount importance to understand rock deformation processes. Experimental rock deformation the brittle field kindle edition by paterson, m. Experimental rock deformation to experimentally simulate nearsurface conditions for fracture nucleation and propagation, the unconfined compressive strength ucs was measured for 42 samples that represent the 3 main zones of a lava. Grace gravity data constrain ancient ice geometries and. Experimental rock deformation the brittle field pdf free download as pdf file. Experimental deformation and micromechanical modeling geoffrey c. Brittle fracture and sliding summary general resources m. Experiments on rocks under high pressure conditions in gta 20. Brittle fracture and sliding summary general resources. An overview of the possible definitions of damage variable describing the process of damage development on the basis of various hypotheses has been presented in the first part of the article.
The book is a compact summary of the present state of the art in experimental rock mechanics at moderate stresses. This experimental study was carried out to investigate rock deformation and its impact on axial permeability. Experimental rock deformation the brittle field request pdf. Springer berlin and heidelberg, 358 pp, isbn 3540240233. Experimental rock deformation the brittle field dr. Thus a distinction has been drawn between the fields of brittle and ductile behaviour in rock, corresponding more. Paterson, experimental rock deformation the brittle field, springerverlag. Download it once and read it on your kindle device, pc, phones or tablets. Chapter 12 rock formation and deformation introduction earths surface evolution has been considered so far as the product of a global machine the supercontinental cycle driven by tectonic processes which assemble, fragment and relocate crustal plates and the continents and ocean basins which they support. Laboratory experiments in the next earthquake center april. Influence of in situ stress variations on acoustic emissions. Scholz, the mechanics of earthquakes and faulting, cambridge university press, cambridge, uk, 1990.
Laboratory experiments in the next earthquake center april 1. This is an amazing fact that begs the question how did that rock get there. Rawling,1 patrick baud,2 and tengfong wong department of geosciences, state university of new york at stony brook, stony brook, new york, usa. Yu, the influence of moisture content on the timedependent characteristics of rock material and its application to the construction of a tunnel portal, advances in materials science and. Mechanisms of timedependent deformation in porous limestone. Impact of moisture content on the dynamic failure energy. Compared to the earlier edition, the book has benefited from reorganization of the chapters. Wong experimental rock deformation the brittle field presents the current knowledge of brittle properties of rocks useful introduction to the basics of rock properties this monograph deals with the part of the field of experimental rock deformation that. Experimental rock deformation explores the fundamental physics of. Wong, experimental rock deformationthe brittle field 2nd ed, springer, berlin and new york 2005. The article is based on the results of uniaxial and triaxial compression tests, performed on wustenzeller sandstone. This version is a home made pdf generated from the original latex files, and the formatting differs from the officially published version by agu.
Chapter 6, paterson and wong, 2005, lockner, 1995 resource reading. Simons and rosen, 2007, allow limited constraints on the deformation at small scales, in particular at. Paterson and tengfong wong, experimental rock deformation the brittle field, 2005 article in surveys in geophysics 274. For cresciano gneiss, as is the case for weakly anisotropic rocks paterson and wong, 2005 the stress at the onset of dilatancy, yield stress and peak strength. Experimental rock deformation the brittle field, 2nd ed. Experimental rock deformation provides us with several ways to investigate timedependent brittle deformation.
Experimental rock deformation the brittle field springerlink. He is a coauthor, with mervyn paterson, of the monograph experimental rock deformation, the brittle field 2nd edition, and with yong chen and enru liu, of the textbook rock physics in chinese. An evergrowing group of scientists seeks to integrate rock deformation labs from across the united states into one shared national facility. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading experimental rock deformation the brittle field. Downscaling of fracture energy during brittle creep experiments. Laboratory sharing to improve rock deformation research eos.
Materials and methods are available as supporting material on science online. Paterson and wong s book is an extremely valuable guide for any rock experimentalist. International journal of rock mechanics and mining. Paterson and tengfong wong, experimental rock deformation the brittle field, 2005 springer berlin and heidelberg, 358 pp, isbn 3540240233. Wong, deformation and pore pressure in dehydrating gypsum.
Hookes law for elasticity, linear elastic fracture mechanics for fracture propagation, amontonscoulomb law for static friction, critical phase transition for rupture nucleation, and rateandstate friction law for static and dynamic friction. Two main types of experiments can be distinguished. Paterson and wongs book is an extremely valuable guide for any rock experimentalist. The rock at the top of the peak is a marine limestone, deposited on the sea floor about 450 million years ago. International journal of rock mechanics and mining sciences. Pore geometry as a control on rock strength sciencedirect. Fault reactivation and strain partitioning across the. In this discussion we will try to answer that question. Ae recorded during laboratory experiments mimics, in a controlled geometry and environment, natural and induced seismicity. Paterson type gas apparatus for triaxial deformation and torsion experiments under high pressure high temperature conditions. Thus a distinction has been drawn between the fields of brittle and ductile behaviour in rock, corresponding more or less to a distinction between the phenomena of fracture and flow. From an examination of the range of experimental conditions that might be expected to lead to the most relevant experiments for use in extrapolating results to geological conditions, it is concluded that, in general, relatively high temperatures, low stress differences, and small grain size should be favoured. Deformation of rock mount everest is the highest peak on earth at 29,028 feet above sea level.
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